The RAF started out as the Baader-Meinhof group which was formed in 1970 in Germany. It started out as a student protest movement in West Germany. There were three successive incarnations of the organization, the "first generation" consisted of the founders; Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Horst Mahler, and Ulrike Meinhof. The "second generation" RAF, which operated in the mid to late 1970s after several former members of the Socialist Patients' Collective joined, and the "third generation" RAF, which existed in the 1980s and 1990s.
The group executed numerous operations, especially in the fall of 1977, which led to a national crisis that became known as "German Autumn". Over the course of the 28 years the RAF was in business they were held responsible for 34 deaths and many bombings and robberies.
The RAF was a left-wing group and was deemed to be one of the most violent and prominent in Europe. There were known as a communist and anti-imperialist group that engaged in urban guerilla resistance against the fascist state of Germany.
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